Improvement in venti lating-win dows for tents



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NPHDS, MOTO-LITHOGRAPHER. WASHINGTON. D, C.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY VVAENER AND BENJAMIN F. PALMER, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

IVMPROVEMENT'IN VENTILATINGIWINDOWS FOR TENTS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 35,963, dated July 272,1862.

To @ZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, HENRY WARNER and BENJAMIN F. PALMER, both 'of thecity of l Boston, in the county of Suffolk and C0mn1onwealth ofMassachusetts, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Tents; andwe do hereby declare that the following specification, taken inconnection with the drawings making a part of the same, is a full,clear, and exact description thereof.

Figure l is a perspective view of the tent, showing one of theventilators open and the cowl raised. Fig'. 2 shows the flap closedwhich forms the door. Figs. 3 and 5 are views of two' varieties oftent-poles, either of which `may be used with our tent. Fig. 4 exhibitsthe appearance of the apex of the tent when the cowl is down.

The variety of tents now in most common use in the United States Army isthe one invented by H. H. Sibley, and known generally by his name. Thistent is provided with a cowl or a secondary covering` for the apex; but

Ait is distinct from the tent itself, and is capableof being adjusted soas to effect ventilation only from the outside, thus involving thenecessity of considerable trouble to accommodate the opening at the peakto any change in the direction of the wind.

The first part of our invention consistsin an arrangement forVentilating the tent by the use of a cowl or hood, which is permanentlyattached to the tent,and which can be readily operated by any personfrom the inside in sucli a manner as to cause the top of the tent to beopen toward all points ofthe compass,or open only toward such points asare desired..

A, Fig. l, represents a conical tent of the usual size, its base beingeighteen feet in diV ameter and its height thirteen feet. It is securedto the ground by loops n and tent-pins m,in the usual way, and isprovided with the vwell-known ilap extending around the base,

upon which sods of earth can be heaped to exclude a draft of air at thebottom. The tent `is sustained, when pitched, bya single centralpole,Figs.3 or 5,presently to be described. The

Y upper extremity of the pole terminates with of ventilation, but thesize as well as the num-V ber can be increased, if desired. A hood, C,

securely sewed to the tent near the apex', ex-

tends down below the openings h and effectually closes them, as shown inFig. et. The cords g g g, hanging by the side of the tentpole ata'convenient height to be seized by the hand, pass through eyelet-holese e e, Fig. 5, near the apex in the canvas of the tent proper, and areled through rings or eyes attached tothe under side of the cowl to apoint below the edge of the cowl, passing through eyes b b on theoutside of the tent a convenient length-say two or three feet--at whichpoints weights a a a are attached to them. Each cordis securely fastenedto the edge of the cowl, so that as the cord is pulled from the insideof the tent the edge of the cowl will be raised above one of theopenings. If all the cords are pulled, the cowl will be gathered aboutthe apex in the form shown in Fig. 1, forming a sort of wind-sail orawning over each opening,

while a free passage for the exit of air or smoke is allowed. As eachcord is relaxed the weights a a a, attached to the other end, draw backthe cowl over the openings which have been uncovered. It is evident thatby this arrangement the tent can be Ventilated in any direction with thegreatest facility, or the opening changed from one side to the otherwithout any more trouble than is involved in operating the cords gg g.

The second part-ot' our invention consists in an improved window, I,Fig. l, so arranged that the size of the aperture can be regulated atpleasure from vthe inside of the tent, and which, when closed, shalleffectually exclude both stormsand wind. The elliptical openings I,opposite to .each other, are cut in the of the side iiaps and about fourinches from the end ofthelong diameter, a Hap, J, is sewed to the wallof the tent on all sides, except the lower one. The shutter D .ofsufiicient size to cover the window, isprovided with a number of clasps,t t t, which span the Weltcd edges of the side flaps and enable theshutter to be slid up and down over the aperture. A cord, q, attached tothe upper extremity, and another cord, 1',attached to thelower extremityof the shutter,pass through eyelets in the canvas ofthe tent, asshowinso that by pulling the cord q from the inside the shutter is drawnup underneath the fiap J and the aperture completely closed. Byoperating the cord r the shutter can be opened.

The third part of our invention consists of an improved tent-polecapable of being adjusted to different lengths to accommodate thevariations in the length of the canvas. It consists of two parts, E andG, Fig. 5, the rst part of tough wood and the second part of metal. Theupper part, E, is provided with a metallic shank, VH,in which are aseries ofholes at small distances apart. This shank is fitted to slidefreely in the cylindrical part G, which is also provided With a seriesot' holes lcorresponding to the holes in the shank. Upon the upper endof the socket G, placed so as not to interfere With the movement of theshank H, is afulcrum-arm, U. A rod of steel, which at other times canserve as a crane upon which to hanga kettle,is now inserted in one ofthe holes in the shank H,and being used as a lever with U as a fulerumthe canvas can be strained to any tension desired. A pin,attached bythechain J to the socket G, is now inserted into any hole under the shank Hwhich happens to coincide with one of the holes in the socket, and thelength of the pole is determined.

Instead of constructing the pole so that one part of it shall slideinside the other part, we contemplate sliding the two parts upon ascarf-joint, as shown in Fig. 3. The end of a rope or strong cord ispassed through a hole near the lower end of one of the parts and knottedon the outside. The rope isthen're-Y ceived through a hole or block nearthe eX- tremity of the other part, a groove being cut in the faces whicharein Contact to accommodate the rope. Two bands of iron, P I), embraceboth parts, the bands being made fast to the part F only. It is apparentthat by this arrangement the saine effect will be produced as by the oneabove described.

What we claim as our invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is*

1. A secondary hood or cowl attached to the canvas of the tent near theapeX,where the same is so arranged that it can be raised atV

